This is my super subpar tutorial on how to quickly setup a new Raspberry Pi via SSH (no mouse/keyboard/monitor directly attached to the device).

1. Download the latest copy of the operating system (I personally prefer Raspbian Stretch Lite for the most minimal setup): https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
2. Extract the download so you have a copy of the ****-**-**-raspbian-stretch-lite.img file
3. Download Etcher to burn the image to an SD Card: https://etcher.io/
4. Download a copy of Putty if you don't have a way to ssh: https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html
5. Open the SD card you just flashed and you should see the "boot" partition.  Create a file called ssh (no file extension or data needs to be written to the file)
   1. Note: ssh is disabled on all OS builds starting November 16 forward -- see here: https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/
6. Default credentials:
   1. Username: pi
   2. Password: raspberry
7. Quick commands
   1. Configure Raspberry PI specific settings: sudo raspi-config
   2. Proper Shutdown (-h) / Restart (-r): sudo shutdown -h now

Unlike most laptops/desktops, the Raspberry Pi doesn't have a shutdown button, so always use the commands above to prevent SD Card corruption!